The problem comprised three main components, as follows.
Thus, the problem comprises two decision levels (route design and bus assignment) and differs from other urban transport models found in the literature.
When the problem comprises more than two groups, as is the case in our study, several statistics can be used, including Pillai's trace, Wilk's λ, Lawley-Hotelling's trace, Roy's Greatest root, etc.
Firstly, a proper account of heat transfer and losses requires solving the conjugated problem comprising refractory walls and heated load.
The configuration of the reverse logistics network is a complex problem comprising the determination of the optimal sites and capacities of collection centers, inspection centers, remanufacturing facilities, and/or recycling plants.
The model is categorized to the discrete allocation problem, comprising various optional demand points and reserve sites.
We have based our model on several assumptions as follows: The model is categorized to the discrete allocation problem, comprising various optional demand points and reserve sites.
Summarizing, the methodology proposed for the CBT problem comprises the following steps: Step 1. Modeling the specific road network as a IP problem using Eqs.
The economic problem comprises loss of the calf, lower fertility of the dam at the next breeding, longer calving to conception interval, and a tendency for milk production to be decreased [ 6].
The use of the proposed approach is first illustrated on a simple rescheduling problem comprising a single-lane track with three trains.
