The total NHS spend on the practice, including GPs and homeopathic hospitals, is relatively small: around £4m.
However, the European Commission has questioned the practice, including whether schools can make it compulsory and whether parents can challenge it in court.
Last year FGM was banned in Nigeria, which joined 18 other African countries that have outlawed the practice, including Central African Republic, Egypt and South Africa.
This year FGM was banned in Nigeria, which joined 18 other African countries that have outlawed the practice, including Central African Republic, Egypt and South Africa.
Nicholas Marsh, a research fellow at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, compiled a list of books referring to the practice, including in Malaya, the Philippines, Burma, North Africa, Kenya and elsewhere.
For the other states which facilitated the practice, including the UK, where information pointing to knowledge and responsibility continues to emerge, investigation and prosecution is an international legal obligation not a policy alternative.
Last week the government introduced a series of measures in an attempt to combat the practice, including the mandatory recording of FGM in hospitals, money for publicity campaigns and a NSPCC helpline and global funding.
Brady's right ankle was taped, but he took part in all phases of the practice, including jogging the length of the field twice at the end of drills.
Other states that allow the practice include Rhode Island, Nebraska, Washington, North Carolina and Maine.
Asian and Oceanic countries that adopted the practice include the Philippines, Palau, Guam, Papua New Guinea, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, India, and Nepal.
