However, when sexually selected males were mated with enforced monogamous females in the poor-quality environment, their reproductive success was improved suggesting that the benefits of sexual section outweighed the cost of sexual conflicts under stressful conditions.
An obvious explanation for the reduced male lifespan on the poor quality diet is that the greater costs of providing the same sized nuptial gift in a poor quality environment are manifested as the reduced allocation of resources towards somatic maintenance and repair [49].
Noise and disruptions that result in such outcomes represent sub-optimal care and a poor quality environment for new mothers who have just experienced the delivery of a baby.
A poor quality environment in early life generates mothers that (A ) are less effective at raising broods of 20 cross-fostered larvae and (B ) exhibit lower subsequent survival than mothers raised in a good quality early-life environment.
A poor quality environment in early life generates fathers that (A ) are less effective at raising broods of 20 cross-fostered larvae and (B ) tend to exhibit lower subsequent survival than fathers raised in a good quality early-life environment.
Similarly, our results suggest that male and female Pteronemobius differ in how they balance current and future reproduction in poor quality environments.
At home, the number one source of protests is the poor quality of the environment.
"The poor quality of the learning environment delivers a major blow to children, and the shortened school day delivers another".
However, for a host of reasons, including iodine-blocking chemicals in our environment, the poor quality (i.e. iodine-free) salt used in processed foods, and a general trend of salt-ophobia among health conscious folks, mild iodine deficiency is once again becoming increasinglycommon.
Their recognition performances may therefore be impaired by the poor quality silhouettes extracted from outdoor environments.
24 The poor quality of the social and physical environment, such as dilapidated houses or having a lack of formal or informal neighbourhood networks, may work as a trigger to make residents perceive their neighbourhood as dangerous.
