For the experiment itself, Kwong borrowed the pair of visual stimulation goggles that Jack Belliveau had used for his early fMRI experiments the goggles on loan from Peter Fox, who had used them in his seminal stimulation rate experiments in the early 1980s.
Tactile cues were presented to either the left or the right index finger, whereas, for each block of trials, the hands were placed in alignment either with the inner or the outer pair of visual eccentricities.
This fear learning deficit mirrors the observation that human l/l homozygotes show lower skin conductance responses than s carriers following the pairing of simple visual stimuli with electric shock (41,42).
For each pair of visual areas, the strongest correlations (red) are at corresponding eccentricity bins and its neighbors (diagonal in each sub-matrix).
In addition, the pairing of single-orientation visual stimulation and the injection of depolarizing current to visual cortical neurons shifted preferred orientations towards the exposed orientation in adult cats as well as in kittens [41].
The collective mise-en-scène relied on a pair of visual tropes.
Specifically, for any pair of visual and auditory stimuli, it should also consider the alternative possibility that they are unrelated and co-occurred randomly (Fig. 1, right).
After training a rat to discriminate a pair of visual patterns (using reward and punishment as described above), the animal was tested in a series of "critical" (i.e., generalization) trials, in which he was "allowed a free choice between [transformed versions of the patterns], receiving food at every trial, regardless of the pattern chosen" [138].
For each pair of visual areas, matrices were created containing all possible correlations between eccentricity bins.
Marmosets were presented with 4 probabilistic discriminations using a different pair of visual stimuli for each.
For any pair of visual areas, we modeled correlations between all bin pairs (36 × 36) as the linear weighted sum of four sources of connectivity.
