If the attacker is not detected within 2000 rounds, we will search the middle value of range (, 1), otherwise we search the middle value of range (0, ).
First, we select a tentative value of L to be the middle value of the range (10).
For MHE, the middle value of each interval was used in the discrepancy calculation, and the weight coefficient (the parameter ρ in [12]) equals to 0.8 was used.
Mean : the average intensity value of the variable: mu =frac{{displaystyle {sum}_{i=1}^M}{v}_i}{M}. Median: the middle value of the variable when the data is aligned either in increasing or decreasing order.
We note that an apparently different type of, or an extreme permutation of, stable double-cluster state, where the neurons split at the "middle" value of, is still possible.
In addition, for the primary investigation into the size/shape distribution of biosynthesized GNPs, the boxplot was used with five-number summaries, i.e., the smallest observation, the lower quartile and the upper quartile cutting off the lowest and highest 25% of the data, respectively, the median which is the middle value of the data and the sample maximum [18].
If the quantization interval Δ is small enough, we can let ξ equal to the middle value of the interval, that is, ξ = (S m - θ)/σ s, and obtain an approximate expression of the PMF as p ( S m | θ ) ≈ p A ( S m | θ ) ≜ Δ 2 π σ s exp - ( S m - θ ) 2 2 σ s 2. (47).
Therefore, the COD value of a dicamba was taken as a reference and the middle value of H2O2/COD ratio was considered as the 2.125 (theoretical relation), in which the maximum number of ·OH radicals are produced (Kim et al. 1997) and the value is near to 2.15 in the previous literature (Kavitha and Palanivelu 2004).
Publications that did not report a mean age for the sample population were categorized into age groups according to the middle value of the reported age range.
