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The measures were performed using an UHPLC Ultimate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with a fluorescence detector (Ex = 336 nm, Em = 445 nm).
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The analytical measures were performed using the primary lines for cadmium (228.802 nm) and (217.001 nm) for lead.
Group comparisons of the outcome measures were performed using Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous outcomes, or with chi-squared test for categorical variables.
Comparisons of the duration of illness before and after the initiation of control measures were performed using the F-test followed by the Student t-test or Welch test.
Changes in the latent means of the limits of stability indicators and correlations of changes between limits of stability and physical performance measures were performed using Mplus software (v 6; Muthén & Muthén, Los Angeles, CA, USA).
Mixed-model analyses for repeated measures were performed using the baseline scores as reference.
Cortical thickness measures were performed using the validated and freely available Freesurfer software package (http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/).edu/
Ranking calculations for all measures were performed using the R software environment (http://www.r-project.org/).org/
Two-factor ANOVAs (with or without repeated measures) were performed using the SPSS statistical package (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).
Hip external rotation strength – Strength measures were performed using the Lafayette Manual Muscle Test (MMT) System (Lafayette Instrument, Lafayette, IN).
Correlations between quality of life scores and interval/ratio/ordinal measures were performed using the Spearman rho (rs) correlation procedure (one-tailed test; our hypothesis was that poorer nocturnal sleep and increased daytime sleepiness would be associated with decreased quality of life) [ 41].
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