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The lower digit ratio, which is indicative of exposure to higher prenatal testosterone and lower prenatal estrogen, was associated with Migraine and TTH in women [11].
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On balance, the lack of any sex effect in that direction suggests strongly that if digit ratio indicates masculinization, then the high-running lines are the more feminized, and the possibility that lower digit ratios are more masculinized is a poor candidate explanation for our results.
Contrary to the trend noted in [19] —where males tended to have larger 2D∶4D than females in strains where the mean ratio was large and lower digit ratios than females in strains where the mean ratio was small— we found no significant relationship between a strain's mean digit ratio with the direction and magnitude of the difference between the sexes (r(18) = 0.30, p = 0.20).
The "ever married" females had lower digit ratio comparing to "never married" ones (.99 ± .012 vs. 1.02 ± .018, respectively).
These neuroimaging markers attenuated the association between higher SBP and lower digit symbol substitution test.
Women entered marriage earlier than men and lower digit ratio lowered the age of first marriage in both sexes (Fig. 1).
Lastly, we found that the association between higher SBP mean and SBP trajectories with lower digit symbol substitution score was attenuated after adjusting for WMH and FA in the tracts of interest, whereas results were weaker for the MMSE.
As shown in Table 3, we observed that the T allele for SNP rs1625579 was associated with lower digit sequencing scores (t = 2.016, P = 0.045).
Our study demonstrated that women with lower digit ratios (2D:4D) for both hands tend to suffer migraine and TTH.
Other work has suggested that masculinization is associated with lower digit ratios in lab mice.
A second possible explanation is that higher exercise rates are in fact more "masculinized," but that lower digit ratios do not indicate greater masculinization in these mice.
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