Dividing each series by its own standard deviation (SD) removes the last difference in units between series, which is appropriate if we are not interested in comparing variances.
In the averaged data, the onsets (or endpoints) of the P wave, QRS complex and T wave were defined as the visually identifiable first (or last) deviation from the signal's baseline in any one channel out of all channels available for evaluation [ 11].
When the speeches were finished, the degrees conferred and the onlookers thoroughly sunburned, L. Jay Oliva, the university's departing president, offered one last deviation from the norm.
These show the extent to which the current change in vector Z is a response to the last time deviation to converge with the long-term relation.
In Section 2, we shall propose exponential inequalities for martingales and self-normalized martingales, and, in the last section, the deviation bound of the least-square estimate of the unknown parameter in a linear regressive model is established.
The first two of them show negative deviations and the last one shows positive deviation from ideal mixtures.
Using equation 2, we tested the sensitivity of the mean duration of collective moves (the latency from the initiator departure to the last follower's departure) to deviations of β (0<β<2, γ = β/2, for different group sizes N = 2, 4, 8 and 32, Fig. 5).
As the RMS is strongly affected by the biases mentioned in the last paragraph, the standard deviation (STD) with respect to WVR is analyzed in greater detail.
Liu et al. (2014) chose the last point before the deviation from the higher mass ratio curves (which show onset at a later time or, for m i /m e =1836 and a=5, not at all) as the onset point, indicated by small circles.
Both the fitting results of using y = a + bx c and y = a − b ln(x + c) indicated an infinite pan-genome, while the fitting result of using y = a × e− x / b + c resulted in a negative value of the parameter a, suggesting a finite pan-genome However, the last fitting shows obvious deviations to many of the data points.
