We found that the teacher's limited subject matter and pedagogical content knowledge constrained the quality of historical instruction.
More generally, fully probabilistic design (FPD) chooses the distribution within the knowledge-constrained set of possible distributions for which the Kullback-Leibler divergence to the designer's ideal distribution is minimized.
Make a general survey of functional connectivity, the selected seed points analysis was based on the documents with some priori knowledge and constrained the degree of functional connectivity changes on the priori selection of specific seed regions, which would generate subjective bias in evaluating the intrinsic functional changes over the whole brain.
In this setting, the ability to discover new medical knowledge is constrained by prior knowledge that has typically fallen short of maximally utilizing high-dimensional time series data.
These showed no significant reduction in fit when the regression coefficients for attitude and knowledge were constrained to be the same in the two invitation groups (χ(2) = 4.83, p =.09), suggesting that the same model was applicable to the standard group as to the informed choice group.
AI-based approaches have also highlighted the extent to which the generation of new knowledge draws on existing knowledge that constrains the development of new hypotheses.
Specifically, the authors focus on the reconstruction of K-compressible signals, e.g. signals that are approximately reconstructed by K coefficients, and show that if the signal presents a suitable structure, the reconstruction procedure can exploit this knowledge to constrain the recovered signal subspace and improve the accuracy for a given number of measurements.
Sakran et al. in [16] proposed a secure relay selection scheme which selects a trusted decode and forward relay to assist the SUs and maximize the achievable secrecy rate that is subjected to the interference power constraints at the PUs for the different number of eavesdroppers and PUs under available channel knowledge in the security constrained CRNs.
With national elections scheduled for spring, Mr. Singh's government faces political pressure to take some action against Pakistan, constrained by the knowledge that war and near-war in the past have not achieved the results that were sought.
And the risk committee of a big bank will always be constrained by the knowledge and ability of board members, very few of whom understand the risks in large financial institutions today.
In his remarks, Mr. Bush said turning over Ms. Miers's White House documents would undermine the ability of presidents to receive confidential, unfettered advice from White House officials who might be constrained by the knowledge that such advice could be made public.
