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Though the inclinations of scattered objects are similar to the more extreme KBOs, very few scattered objects have orbits as close to the ecliptic as much of the KBO population.
And if a prime candidate is found, the team will get 30 more orbits of time for precision studies to nail down the KBO orbit.
In 2002, the KBO 50000 Quaoar was discovered, with a diameter then thought to be roughly 1280 kilometres, about half that of Pluto.
In 1996, Robert H. Brown et al. obtained spectroscopic data on the KBO 1993 SC, revealing its surface composition to be markedly similar to that of Pluto, as well as Neptune's moon Triton, possessing large amounts of methane ice.
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Additionally, the initial location of the progenitors of the KBOs can also have a significant effect on binary formation.
The gravitational interaction between the KBOs and the third body causes one of four effects; scattering into the Oort cloud, collisions with the growing protoplanets, formation of binary pairs, or creation of a single KBO.
Stephen Tegler of Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff and William Romanishin of the University of Oklahoma, Norman, found that about half of the KBOs reflected sunlight without changing the light's color too much, suggesting that their surfaces are composed of cometlike dirty ices.
As of 2008, only five objects in the Solar System (Ceres, Eris, and the KBOs Pluto, Makemake and Haumea) are listed as dwarf planets by the IAU.
Most models of Solar System formation show both KBOs and SDOs first forming in a primordial comet belt, whereas later gravitational interactions, particularly with Neptune, sent the objects spiraling outward, some into stable orbits (the KBOs) and some into unstable orbits, becoming the scattered disc.
The measurements of the density variations outside the orbit of Jupiter will allow for estimating the rate of dust production in the Kuiper Belt, the collisional history of the region, and the mass distribution of the primordial KBO population (Stern, 1996).
Astronomer David Jewitt of the University of Hawaii in Honolulu, who co-discovered the first KBO, isn't convinced by the results.
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