The small initial tilt and lateral-shift-free (LSF) of the mirror plate is achieved by a folded, three-segment piezoelectric unimorph actuator design.
When the latching mechanism is fully engaged, the assembled AVC actuator forms permanent initial tilt angle by the retraction force of electrothermal actuators.
The single-crystal silicon torsional springs are plastically deformed such that the rotor including the micromirror and movable comb finger electrode has an initial tilt angle with respect to the stator electrodes.
It is demonstrated that the coupling efficiency is a strong function of initial tilt, i.e., pitch and yaw angular misalignments, and the angular misalignments strongly reduce the search efficiency for obtaining the initial coupling of light or the "first light".
The test results indicate that the tilt angle could be adjusted to 0.5° by applying different suction pressures inside the caissons in soft clay during the suction-assisted penetration process, even with an initial tilt angle of up to 6.28°.
The initial antenna tilt angle of these cells are 4°, 2°, 5°, 4°, 5°, and 4°, respectively.
The initial axial tilt of a planet determined by giant impacts can be substantially changed by stellar tides if the planet is close to its star and by satellite tides if the planet has a large satellite.
To this end, the Poincaré map θ' = F was obtained for different combinations of the control parameters (P, D, a). Figure 5A shows two examples of the Poincaré map for a value of the switching parameter a (a = −0.4 s−1) with a sequence of the tilt angles generated by iterations of each map from an initial tilt angle.
The mechanical restoring moment of the torsional spring is depicted for the torsional spring with (red line) and without (thin black line) an initial tilt angle.
The microscanner is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer by utilizing a plastic deformation process [[16]] in which the moving comb electrode and fixed comb electrode are vertically interdigitated, forming an initial tilt angle.
