There are two potential problems with LRTs, which may generate false positives, i.e. the inference of adaptive evolution when there is none.
> -wrap-foot> Additional spectral peaks produced by the mass spectrometer as a result of the ionization process have been shown to be useful for the inference of covariate effects when multiple peaks can be confidently associated with one compound.
For positions with an inferred Ka/Ks>1, the inference of positive selection is considered reliable when the lower bound of the confidence interval is larger than 1.
Whereas our analyses demonstrate the efficiency of BayesAss+ for the inference of recent migration rates when the number of loci and sampled genotypes per population is sufficiently high, evaluation of the performances of the program Bottleneck was less straightforward.
Toward that end, we have developed a method for the assembly of genome sequence fragments for use in the inference of gene family members when the genome coverage is too low for reliable complete assembly.
Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the inclusion of phenotypic and fossil data can affect the inference of phylogenetic topologies, even when such data are vastly outnumbered by genetic sequence data.
Yet single gene trees are notoriously error prone and errors in the inference of LGT can be made when donor lineages are not represented on the tree (Beiko and Ragan 2009).
By contrast, Experiment 1 and corroboratory studies (Delamater, 1996; Rescorla, 1992a; Rosas et al., 2010), found evidence that knowledge of a Pavlovian extinction rule, S-no O1, leaves intact the inference of a hierarchical relation, S R1-O1, when a separately acquired response for the same outcome is interposed.
The former refers to challenges associated with the inference of design principles underlying system capacities when the synchronic relations between lower-level processes and higher-level systems capacities are degenerate (many-to-many).
While a number of methods for the inference of locus-specific ancestry are accurate when the ancestral populations are quite distant (e.g. African Americans), current methods incur a large error rate when inferring the locus-specific ancestry in admixed populations where the ancestral populations are closely related (e.g. Americans of European descent).
