Hans Reichenbach, in his analysis of the interaction of causality and probability (Reichenbach 1956), observed that the immediate causes of an event probabilistically screen off from that event any other event that is not causally posterior to it.
A good causality analysis would allow for more targeted programming addressing the immediate and underlying causes of non-attendance and noncompletion.
By the way, we are very careful in all our papers to speak of "association" and not "causality" since of course our 2009 book THIS TIME IS DIFFERENT showed that debt explodes in the immediate aftermath of financial crises.
By the way, we are very careful in all our papers to speak of "association" and not "causality" since of course our 2009 book "This Time Is Different" showed that debt explodes in the immediate aftermath of financial crises.
The immediate beneficiary?
Watch the immediate reactions.
Look beyond the immediate.
Of note is that the results of the causality assessment have important immediate implications, as they may influence the decision of whether or not the drug should be discontinued.
