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Nevertheless, the IEPs in both NaCl (this study) and KCl [16] fall in the same pH region between ~4.6 and ~5.2.
In general for clays the PZCs from titrations (that include single potentiometric titrations, common intersection points and mass titration endpoints) are higher than the IEPs.
However, for a prominent kaolinite sample (KGa-2, grain size < 1 μm) the IEPs in Kosmulski's collection [1] vary from 2.9 to 4.8.
The IEPs shifted towards more acidic pHs for all the samples in PBS (Fig. 4) in comparison to the results in NaCl.
Zeta potential was shown to be mostly influenced by the ionic strength, while the IEPs were mostly affected by the valence and charge of the electrolytic ions, as a proof of their adsorption/interaction with the surfaces.
In Fig. 4a, the surface charges of NH2, PEG and COOH-silanes-MNPs are about 15, −5 and −38 mV, respectively; the IEPs of NH2, PEG, and COOH-silanes-MNPs are observed at pH 8.6, 6.66, and 3.09, respectively.
Similar(17)
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The IEP said the $13.6tn cost of violence last year represented 13.3% of gross world product – or $1,876 per person – and was equivalent to 11 times the amount spent on foreign direct investment.
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If parents and school cannot agree on whether the pupil qualifies, what services the child needs, or whether the school is fulfilling the IEP, the parents can sue the school.
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