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Of the adults, 33% had no qualification higher than GCSE level, while the highest qualification of another 15% was A-level or similar.
The general attainment levels were lower than those of the population as a whole: of the adults, a third had no qualification higher than GCSE, while the highest qualification of another 15% was A-level or similarlevel.
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The higher qualifications of some Chinese participants are explained because these were staff in leadership positions.
Cost differences were partly explained by the higher qualifications of staff serving refugee populations.
The workshops were established by a decree from Vladimir Lenin with the intentions, in the words of the Soviet government, "to prepare master artists of the highest qualifications for industry, and builders and managers for professional-technical education".
The orientation of the highest qualification is documented in a separate variable in the PIAAC data, which was derived from the national educational attainment questions ex-post.
Educational attainment was based on the information of the highest qualification achieved.
Educational qualifications are measured by directly asking respondents for the highest qualification they have obtained or level of education completed, using a country-specific show card representing the relevant responses in any given country.
The indicators were: (1) the postcode (zipcode -based Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, (2) car ownership, (3) highest qualification of the individual, (4) highest qualification in the household, (5) National Statistics Socio-economic Classification at individual, and (6) household levels, (7) household tenure and (8) economic activity in the previous week (of the Census completion date).
From this data we were able to calculate the proportion of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons aged 25 29 years who had achieved a highest qualification of 'bachelor degree or above' in each of the census years.
From this data we were able to calculate the proportion of Māori and non- Māori persons aged 25 29 years who had achieved a highest qualification of 'bachelor degree or above' in each of the census years.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com