Exact(5)
(The Gap declined to comment for this article).
The results reveal that male wealth was greater than female wealth in Wentworth County but that over time the gap declined.
Into a stiff headwind, the simple mathematics of four riders behind versus five in front meant the gap declined so gradually that three kilometres out, the remaining escapees – Jonny McEvoy of NFTO had given way a few kilometres earlier – began marking each other.
Thus, the gap declined by over one-third (11.1/30.7).
In the 1890 1894 cohorts, male smoking prevalence was several times higher than female, but the gap declined until no gender difference was present among those born after 1950.
Similar(55)
In this case also, inferences about convergence are greatly affected by matching on location: In a specification that does not condition on location, the gap is estimated to decline by 39 log points, but within location the gap declines by 27 log points.
Similarly, the wage gap declined rapidly in the 1970s and 1980s, but the rate of decline has since slowed.
"But we don't want to see the gap decline because of mortality increases among whites".
In the United States, the gap decline was sharper, from 0.074 to 0.061 by 2000.
For women, Harper et al. (2012) find that the racial gap declined from 4.64 years down to 3.71 years, compared to our finding of 4.62 years down to 3.69 years (the small difference most likely is due to our use of updated 2010 census population figures for the life table denominators).
They then divided states into those above and below the median level of racial bias.In keeping with the theoretical predictions of Becker and others, they found that the black-white wage gap declined the most in states with an initially high degree of racial bias after they deregulated their finance industry (and benefited from a surge of business start-ups).
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