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The formula indicates that the ratio of the indentation load to the cubic of square root of the crack length is linearly proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of the crack length, the magnitude of the residual stress, and the film thickness.
The first term in the formula indicates the elasticity of the wall, that is, the rate of deformation of the tube wall with the pressure and the change rate of the transverse section of the pipe along with the axial direction.
The 1/2 in the formula indicates that the 7 mm wide tire is divided between the anterior and posterior slope on average.
Comparison of proportions p1 and p2 in two equally sized groups requires the following equation: where n is the number of subjects required in each group and c p, power is as defined in Table 2. Returning to the example of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network trial, the formula indicates that the following number of patients would be required in each arm.
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We apply the formula indicated in the Material and Methods section to generate a confidence score for each distinct subcellular compartment or region.
Percent parasitaemia and percentage of suppression was calculated using the formula indicated in [ 19, 27].
The architects of the formula indicated in earlier papers that the formula might be too volatile to be used at practice level [ 15].
After solving (P1), the basal flux-sum value of any metabolite i is calculated using the formula, indicating the summation of all incoming or outgoing fluxes around metabolite i under the normal condition.
Total chlorophyll (Chl) content (a + b) was extracted in 100% methanol at 65°C and quantified with a spectrophotometer (Lambda 40, Perkin-Elmer, USA) according to the formula indicated in [ 15]: Total Chl (μg mL−1) = (24.93 × A652.4 + 1.44 × A665.2).
An (x) in the formula indicate the interaction between two variables Our data show that emergence of the wingless queen phenotype occurred repeatedly by parallel evolution in response to similar ecological conditions arising on each of the Sky Islands during climatic warming.
In order to compare with the threshold limit value (TLV) as defined by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), which is based on an allowable exposure averaged over a normal 8-hour workday or 40-hour workweek, an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA8 h) was calculated by the formula indicated by the ACGIH [ 7].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com