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As the formula implies, the effect of species 2 on species 1 (α1,2) in turn is determined by the population size and carrying capacity of species 2 (N2 and K2).
comm).. Thus the formula implies that lower temperatures result in greater growth, which is not necessarily the case for northern climates where temperatures in winter can be low enough to retard growth [45].
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end{aligned} (7.3) Therefore if (xi >1+varepsilon ) then this formula implies the uniform with respect to m exponential decay of the Bessel function in t. 2.
end{aligned} (7.3) Therefore if (xi >1+varepsilon ) then this formula implies the uniform with respect to m exponential decay of the Bessel function in t.
z ‒ score = 50 + 10 x x ‒ μ / σ x: mean score of a factor among senior students and junior doctors who selected a single specialty as the most probable career μ: mean of the factor obtained from all valid response σ: standard deviation of the factor obtained from all valid response This formula implies that if the mean of a factor of the group is equal to the mean of the whole, the z-score is 50.
Hence, this formula implies that connections between large degree nodes in metabolic networks are highly suppressed, compared to a random network with no constraints on edge multiplicity.
The absolute value in the detection formula implies that the detection region is indeed a two-sheet cone as advised by Merhav and Sabbag [1].
end{aligned} (7.4) In this case the Bessel function oscillates as (trightarrow infty ) and obviously the latter formula implies the uniform with respect to m estimate begin{aligned} |J_m(t)|leqslant C, t^{-1/2}, quad C= C varepsilon ).
Actually, as we will see in this article, the Lefschetz formula implies that the Lefschetz zeta function of a graph automorphism is the product of two zeta functions defined in dynamical systems theory.
Let N be the unit ball, then (tilde{V}_{i}(M,B)) becomes to the dual quermassintegral (tilde{W}_{i}(M)), and the last formula implies that tilde{W}_{i}(M = int_{S^{n-1}}rho(M,u)^{n-i},dS u).
Its mean and variance are respectively E N t = akt ρ − 1 and Var N t = akt ρ + kt − 1 ρ + α − 1 ρ − 1 2 ρ − 2. Note that since the generalized Waring process is a stationary process and its mean is of the form E[N t)] = ηt, the above formula implies that its intensity is η = ak/(ρ − 1).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com