Sentence examples for the expectation effect from inspiring English sources
CA: I like to think of this as the "expectation effect". If you expect to feel less sore, then you probably will feel less sore.
(c) Reconstruction of the expectation effect.
In other words, the expectation effect was spatially specific in the sense that only the orientation at the cued location had an impact on the BOLD response, but spatially non-specific in the sense that the increased BOLD response to an expectation violation was present at both gratings' cortical locations.
Testing for an interaction revealed that the expectation effect was significantly larger in the active treatment conditions compared with the no-treatment conditions and was associated with signal changes in the anterior insular cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the ventral striatum.
As is displayed in Fig. 3, the size of the expectation effect was positively correlated with the normative goals subscale of the achievement goal questionnaire, r(18) =.52, p =.019.
To determine whether normative goals might modulate the effect of expectations on performance, individual differences in the magnitude of the expectation effect were calculated by subtracting performance (% correct) on "EASY" trials from performance on "HARD" trials, separately for low-difficulty and high-difficulty blocks.
The lower effect sizes in teacher ratings may therefore be a more realistic picture of the real effects of Equasym XL®, without the expectation effects that may have influenced the ratings by parents and the physician, who were not satisfied with the prior medication or the untreated status.
The bilateral nature of this expectation effect (Fig. 2C) was strikingly different from the lateralised effect of spatial attention (Fig. 2B) (F1,22 = 59.02, p = 1.1 × 10−7).
The behavioral expectation effect (% correct trials in low-difficulty "EASY" versus "HARD" blocks) was not significantly correlated with the effect of expectations on valence sensitivity in the three striatum ROIs (caudate, r(18) =.258, p =.272; putamen, r(18) =.209, p =.376; ventral striatum, r(18) =.052, p =.828).
For the conditions under which an expectation effect was observed, the magnitude of the effect was entered into bivariate correlations with normative goals and ability goals.
