During the examination process, intra-examiner reliability was checked through duplicate examination of every 10th subject.
In the most common framework used by examiners to document the examination process, termed ACE-V (Vanderkolk, 2009), evidence for agreement or disagreement is collected through visual comparison of two impressions and, if no explainable differences are found, and the detail in agreement is considered sufficient, the examiner will conclude "identification".
While all Malawi students were deemed to have passed their clinical viva, the examination process for this format depends on subjective assessment by examiners and would not be deemed a valid comparator.
The examiners were highly qualified; releasing their names would have been a counter to claims that the examination process was rigged.
Young people need to display substantial subject knowledge as part of the examination process.
There is also a quality assurance issue in the examination process.
Ron S. Geffner, a former enforcement lawyer for the S.E.C. who now represents hedge funds, said the examination process could end up being only a mild deterrent.
But he is also an outstanding academic, fearless in his defence of standards and of the integrity of the examination process.
Now anyone filing a patent and deliberately dragging out the examination process would also see the patent's term eroded in the same period.
When combined with X-rays and breathing tests, the examination process took more than three hours and scared off many workers.
This involves drawing on the latest data and increasingly refined assumptions on the smallest detail as ammunition for the examination process.
