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These differences likely make important contributions to phenotypic sexual dimorphism in adult zebrafish; thus, from an evolutionary standpoint, the precise roles of sex-specific selection and sexual conflict in the evolution of sexually dimorphic gene expression are very important.
Non-sexual social selection can underlie the evolution of sexually monomorphic phenotypes.
Sexual conflict is thought to be a potent force driving the evolution of sexually dimorphic traits.
By establishing developmental genetic tools in model systems where sexual selection and conflict are understood, we can begin to reveal how selection can exploit ancient developmental genes to enable the evolution of sexually dimorphic traits.
But the assumption that costs and benefits trade off in an additive fashion is not valid for the survival cost – reproduction benefit tradeoff that is assumed to mediate the evolution of sexually selected signals.
This result could also be explained by the sensory exploitation hypothesis, predicting that the evolution of sexually selected traits is influenced by some pre-existing sensory biases [72].
Similar(42)
Theory suggests that mate-choice copying can have profound affects on the evolution of sexually-selected traits [11] [13].
Consider scenarios of the evolution of a sexually monomorphic species with male and female territoriality from a sexually dimorphic ancestor with non-territorial females.
If the impetus for the evolution of this sexually selected ornament were a preexisting female preference for larger size [13], then it would be possible for a variety of ornaments to elicit and exploit this female preference.
It would be interesting to know how environmental heterogeneity, female condition and the mate preference pressure they create influence the evolution of a sexually selected trait.
Our study does not specifically address mechanisms potentially responsible for the adaptive evolution of sexually dimorphic gene expression, but these are worth considering here briefly.
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