This is somewhat analogous to treating socio-economic status as one variable in a model even though it represents the two distinct constructs of sociological and economical influences.
The final instrument was determined to be reliable with high alpha coefficients for each of the five distinct constructs in addition to Course Satisfaction: Website Usability (3 items; α = 0. 806), Course Usefulness (2 items; α = 0.808), Instructional Design Effectiveness (5 items; α = 0.922), Computer Proficiency (3 items; α = 0.9015) and Self-learning Attitude (3 items; α = 0.849).
That is, the analysis revealed six distinct constructs (factors) among the 18 tests/subtests which, for the most part, delineated individual neurological tests from each other (Table 3).
Using different measures, Nehm et al. (2009) found a weak association between knowledge and beliefs regarding evolution, and argue that the two are distinct constructs.
Thus, correcting for the attenuation effect did not result in a nearly perfect association, which indicates that the factors measure distinct constructs.
The four factors represent distinct constructs of motivation, addressed by the instrument according to the results of the psychometric analysis.
As such, although the APQ is measuring distinct constructs, without further evaluation it is not possible to ensure that the scale is measuring what it purports to do.
This is clearly evident when instrument content (e.g., appraisals of medication effectiveness or ratings of disease severity) are indiscriminately mixed together with temporally distinct constructs in the causal pathway (e.g., the behavioral ramifications of the appraisal).
Therefore, we treated the four variables as distinct constructs in later analyses.
While these mechanisms typically work in concert, MSM treats them as distinct constructs, the status or manipulation of which predicts distinct behaviors.
The control factors of the PBC construct can be either internal or external, with some authors arguing the presence of two distinct constructs or sub-constructs; self-efficacy (perceived difficulty); and controllability (perceived control) [ 28, 29].
