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The direct causality was uncertain.
Although the direct causality is often hard to prove, it is reasonable to consider these adverse events as a contributing factor.
Although this is a prospective study of risk factors for falls, the direct causality of falls cannot be identified using this epidemiological approach.
Although our current preclinical knowledge strengthens this hypothesis, the direct causality of NR2F6 and incidence of human autoimmune disease remains yet to be demonstrated (Table 2).
But, do we really need more research on the direct causality between prenatal exposure to nicotine and behavioural problems to recommend abstinence from smoking during pregnancy and the avoidance of a smoke exposure of the expectant mother?
Similar(55)
Finally, while internationally all of the global attention is focused on the direct causalities of SARS, serious quality of care concerns resulting from people's behavioral changes due to their fears of SARS should not be overlooked.
Part of the difficulty lies in the application of the concept of direct causality before selecting all the causal variables of interest for a specific patient.
This resolution proved short enough to provide the player with the feeling of direct causality between gesture and sound, similar to that for an acoustical instrument.
Therefore, the observed relationships between OA pain and productivity should be considered associative rather than causal, since direct causality cannot be inferred regarding the OA pain as a source of lost productivity, especially given that workers with OA pain were characterized by a significantly greater comorbidity burden than workers without OA pain.
Because voluntary reports in MAUDE vary in detail and, unlike the published literature, may not always provide enough information for the reviewer to establish direct causality, we chose to report all AEs as device associated.
First, it is not possible to determine a direct causality between the HIV program and the increase in the volume of other health services, since this is a retrospective study based on routinely collated health center data.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com