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However, the factors that promote epithelial differentiation and maintain the differentiated state of each cell type have not been extensively characterized.
Due to stability of the differentiated state, we decided to analyze the profile of gene expression during the differentiating process.
Indeed, it has recently been shown that Otx2 is required for efficient differentiation of ESCs in vitro and conversely that loss of Otx2 destabilizes the differentiated state.
This mechanism guarantees stability of the DNA methylation pattern, and hence the differentiated state, during the processes of DNA replication and cell division.
The inherent stability of the differentiated state is maintained by various processes, including feedback activation of genes by their own products and repression of inactive genes.
During neural development, the differentiated state correlates with sustained expression of a single fate-determination factor.
EMT throughout embryogenesis highlights and provides important clues to explain abnormal development or loss of the differentiated state.
Here, I discuss mechanisms underpinning the commitment towards the differentiated state and its relation to the cell cycle.
Gene batteries are sets of coregulated genes with common cis-regulatory elements that define the differentiated state of a cell.
Stem cell progeny can include progenitor cells that have substantial potency to proliferate and produce one or more immature precursors that precede the differentiated state.
The dynamic interplay among these modules controls the switch between the pluripotent/self-renewal state and the differentiated state by regulating gene expression at the level of chromatin state, transcription, post-transcription, and post-translation.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com