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The development of the items was based on the structure of the control program based on Benda (2008).
Two teachers with graduate-level training in mathematics and with over 10 years of classroom experience in primary education helped on the development of the items.
The development of the items was, based on a thoroughly conducted conceptual work, previous items on alienation or related concepts, discussions with researchers with expertise on adolescent psychosocial health and six focus group interviews comprising 44 13- and 15-year-olds.
Construct validity was established by involving subject matter experts (middle and high school teachers) in the development of the items.
This information guided the quantitative phase which consisted in the development of the items (indicators of quality of care) for the second stage of the study.
Evidence supporting the content aspect of construct validity includes the development of the items using the domain definition specified in the NRC standards.
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In order to document the development and refinement of each item in the NiSCI, an item-tracking matrix was developed including information about the development of the item, changes made following translatability assessment, changes following the first round of cognitive interviews, and the final version of items (Version 2) following the second round of interviews.
Patients with osteoarthritis in the knee were involved during the development of the item inventory of the index in order to assess clinical relevance [ 26].
An advantage of the present methodology relates to the potential use of participants own language in the development of the item wording for a new questionnaire.
Our aim was to build a CAT based on the perspective of patients, so in the development of the item bank [ 16], the optimal balance between both perspectives – psychometric results and information gained from patients' experience – remained our goal.
The development of the item content for the TRIM Diabetes/Device began in 2002 with the development of the TRIAD Measures (The Diabetes Symptom Measure (DSM), Diabetes Productivity Measure (DPM) and the Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Measure (DiabMedSat)) for oral agents and injectable treatments (syringe and pen) for type 1 and 2 diabetes [ 2].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com