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The proposed equations follows the method of ACI 318 for calculating the contribution of stirrups to the shear capacity, to which is added the resisting force of the concrete calculated from the shear stress.
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At the same time, the Da of concrete calculated by the least squares method is the most reliable according to Fick's second law of diffusion.
Open image in new window Fig. 5 Apprent oxygen diffusivity of noncarbonated concrete calculated with apparent pore.
Delta Q = - E_{text{c}} cdot h_{text{lat}} (15 where ΔQ is the heat lost due to evaporative cooling, E c is the evaporation rate from the concrete as calculated in Eq. 14, and h lat is calculated by using Eq. 16 where T sw is the temperature of the surface water.
In the proposed plasticity model, tensile and compressive micro failure surfaces defined in the prescribed multiple fixed orientations were used to describe the directional nonlocality in the micro-structure of concrete, and the overall failure surface of the concrete was calculated by averaging the multi-oriented micro-surfaces.
The average stress of the concrete was calculated based on the tension stiffening effect of the concrete.
The maturity method used to determine the rate of hydration of the cement is the equivalent age method described in ASTM C 1074 where the equivalent age of the concrete is calculated as described in Eq. 10.
In order to determine the crack development in a member, the total force transmitted from the reinforcement to the concrete is calculated: T c = f c A c = E c ε 2 A c = ∫ 0 L 1 p τ ( x ) d x (10).
In this regard, dynamic compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, toughness and damage behavior of the concrete specimens are calculated incorrectly if improper pulse shaper is used.
(c) Compressive Strength: The compressive strength of the concrete can be calculated in a number of ways.
The results allowed the average maximum compression stress of the concrete to be calculated by f cm = 24.1 MPa, which represents, accordingly to Eurocode 2 (Eurocode 2 (EC2) 1992), a C20/25 concrete.
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