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This novel type of T4SSs is present in a wide variety of related syntenic genomic islands including pKLC102, PAPI, SPI-7 and the clc element as well as others derived from a broad variety of bacterial strains including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Erwinia carotovora, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and L. pneumophila.
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Other mobile elements such as the SRL PAI of Shigella flexneri, the clc element of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13, and the SXT element of V. cholerae share with SGI1 very similar properties of integration [3], [22], [26] [28].
The SRL PAI island and the clc element are able to integrate in one or both identical attB sites of the host chromosome.
However, among these GIs, GI3 is the most similar (78%98%%) to the clc element and also carries all the chloroaromatic degredation genes found in the clc element.
Four of them are highly related to the clc element of Pseudomonas knackmussii B13, which encodes genes involved in the degradation of aromatics.
One complete set of chlorocatechol pathway genes (Bpet1533-1538) is localized on GI3 highly related to the clc element of Pseudomonas knackmussii B13.
Like the clc element in B13, these four GIs are integrated into the 3'-end of tRNAGly genes, are flanked by a 15 18 bp direct repeat generated by the duplication of the 3'-end of tRNA, and each encodes an integrase highly similar (88%, 69 %, 100 and 52%and52% aminoidentity) to thacidf the clc element (identity
The similarity between these four GIs and the clc element is mostly confined to the conjugal transfer region and varies substantially (42% 98%) between individual genes within this region [see Additional file 2].
Chromosomal integrations of the 105-kb clc element of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 occurred also in two similar sites which are the glycine tRNA genes in the Pseudomonas chromosome [28].
This development model for ICE clc of acquisition (and loss) of gene modules became even more striking when it was discovered that a region of about 40% of the catabolic ICE clc elements is highly similar to a number of other ICE/GEIs (Larbig et al., 2002b; Mohd-Zain et al., 2004; Gaillard et al., 2006) (Fig. 4).
A report two and a half weeks earlier raised the "disturbing possibility" that an attack on a tower was CONDUCTED BY THE CLC ITSELF AS A RETALIATION FOR THE RAPE OF THE ___ YEAR BOY 111500JAN08 BY AN IA SOLDIER AND POSSIBLY A BELIEF THAT THE MURDER OF A CLC ___ WAS BY THE IA.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com