Writing for the court, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. said the text and structure of the law make the intent of Congress clear.
The opposition formed an organization called the Prudential Action Group, with the intent of bringing together a no-confidence vote against Chief Executive Tidjane Thiam Tidjane Thiam.
"The intent was not to charge a premium," Christopher A. Viehbacher, the chief executive of Sanofi, said in an interview last month.
James M. Cornelius, the chief executive of Bristol, told analysts in late January that the company was intent on making its own strategic acquisitions or alliances.
State Senator Glenn Hegar, a Republican and the chief sponsor of the bill in the Senate, said it was not his intent to close abortion clinics, "but to increase the quality of the care".
Chris Burke, the chief executive of the Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, which runs the hospital, said he was "appalled by the malicious intent" in the latest incident.
"I expect widespread support for the intent of the sign, even if a Wellywood sign isn't everyone's cup of tea," Steve Fitzgerald, the chief executive of Wellington Airport, said in the statement.
Last week the chief sponsors of the reform bill, Senators John McCain and Russell Feingold and Representatives Christopher Shays and Martin Meehan, demanded that commission members show deference to the law's intent, history and plain language.
Mr. Hoffman, who had briefly ceded his role as chief executive to Dan Nye, a former Intuit executive, took back the top job, with the intent of finding another C.E.O.
Olivier Blanchard, the chief economist of the IMF.
