Sentence examples for the central checkpoint from inspiring English sources

For a strain that lacks all three functions of the checkpoints, we used rad3Δ, which lacks the central checkpoint kinase.

They both rely on the central checkpoint kinase Rad3, the fission yeast homolog of human ATR and budding yeast Mec1, and the downstream checkpoint effector kinase Cds1, homolog of Chk2 and Rad53.

Just how AID functions to regulate the central checkpoint in the BM is unclear.

Normally, autoreactive lymphocytes that have escaped from the central checkpoint of the thymus are controlled in the periphery by immature DCs lacking co-stimulatory molecules.

In mammals, mitochondria act as the central checkpoints for many forms of apoptosis.

Recent studies strongly suggest that AID is not only important for key functions in peripheral B cells, but also plays a role in B-cell tolerance at the BM central checkpoint.

As described above, despite the extensive negative selection of B cells both in the BM at a central checkpoint and at a peripheral checkpoint, a substantial portion of autoreactive specificities remain present in the peripheral B-cell pool.

Thus, LasR represents a central checkpoint with the highest degree of interconnection in the network [ 10, 11].

A number of genes influence the level of these autoreactive B cells and whether they are eliminated or not during development at a central checkpoint in the bone marrow (BM) or at a later checkpoint in peripheral lymphoid tissues.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) constitutes a central checkpoint that suppresses autophagy via restraining the kinase activity of UNC-51-like kinase (ULK1) [ 102, 103].

Kuraoka and colleagues found that AID-deficient immature BM B cells are more resistant to BCR-induced cell death than wild-type B cells, suggesting that AID may normally contribute to inducing DNA damage to ensure apoptosis at the central tolerance checkpoint [ 45].