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Fortresses were becoming obsolete, but they could still be formidable; gunnery was developing, but the bombards quite often blew up, and anyway needed teams of experts and logistical support.
To withstand the bombards, you had to shape your fortress like a star, so that the gunners could be fired on from the side; in 1522, threatened with a Turkish siege, the knights understood that they had no long-term hope, and surrendered the Bodrum castle intact.
The two sides were evenly matched technologically, and the Turks had to build barricades "in order to receive… the stones of the bombards".
The roof was reinforced with large timber joints, and could have supported heavier bombards, possibly on wheeled carriages; the tower's considerable height would allowed the bombards to reach across the river onto the higher ground overlooking the city.
The parapet of the roof was crenellated with nine wide embrasures, and the embrasures facing out across the river were constructed flush with the floor of the roof, giving the bombards plenty of room to fire.
Getting the bombards onto the roof may have required them to be hoisted up on a winch; one such hoist formed part of the accounts for the tower's construction in 1398 and 1399.
Similar(54)
The bombarding electrons are called primary, and the emitted electrons are designated secondary.
Values of cross sections depend on the energy of the bombarding particle and the kind of reaction.
When the bombarding particles are electrons and different emitted electrons are monitored, the method is Auger electron spectroscopy (AES).
The bombarding particle may be an alpha particle, a gamma-ray photon, a neutron, a proton, or a heavy ion.
By analyzing the diffraction pattern, the researchers could construct an image of the bombarded molecules.
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