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The percentage of AFOs versus CAFOs operating below the benchmark values after 4 to 6 years increased to 93 and 50%, respectively.
The accuracy of the FV-LB scheme is verified by comparing our results with the benchmark values of three representative problems.
Unlike the previous design, the segregation of the components in the new design was not affected by convective motions, and the calculated Soret coefficient agreed with the benchmark values.
ZIF-8 and ZIF-L were shown to outperform the two commercial sorbents and the PFOA sorption capacity and kinetics of ZIF-L are comparable to the benchmark values achieved for PFOA.
Benchmark values are derived from established drinking water standards for compounds grouped in Tier 1, from literature toxicological data for compounds in Tier 2, and from a Threshold of Toxicological Concern approach for compounds in Tier 3. A risk quotient is estimated by comparing the maximum concentration levels reported in greywater to the benchmark values.
The insets are the deviation distribution relative to the benchmark values in each calculation (training set: red; test set: blue).
Similar(41)
For total phosphorus, the benchmark value defined in Brazilian Federal Legislation is higher than the turnover threshold of several mayfly genera.
The direct assessment results showed that the average PO attainment for both academic session 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 are greater than 3.0 and fulfils the benchmark value set by the department.
The developed coatings/parts are characterized by low porosity (<1%), fine microstructure, and their microhardness is close to the benchmark value of wrought alloys after thermal treatment (Co-based alloy Stellite, Inox 316L, stainless steel 17-4PH).
The benchmark value and free allocation factor for units can be found in Table 3.
The estimation error is defined as the absolute difference between the benchmark value and the estimations given by all algorithms.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com