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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

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the below chapters

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "the below chapters" is not correct in standard written English.
The correct form would be "the chapters below" or "the chapters that follow." Example: "Please refer to the chapters below for more information on the topic."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

News & Media

Science

Wiki

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

1 human-written examples

The below chapters take place during a visit to Supreme LA.

News & Media

Vice

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

59 human-written examples

The below chapter takes place just as the murder conviction of one man, Jacques Rivera, is suddenly overturned after more than 20 years.

News & Media

Vice

In the case of breast carcinomas, certain publications have reported a correlation between the level of K8 or K18 immunostaining and a favorable prognosis for the patients (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

Instead, the predominant maturation-associated keratins expressed by these tumors are the hyperproliferative keratins K6 and 16 (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

K13 may be part of a panel of markers (which also includes K20) useful in the histological diagnosis of metastatic transitional cell carcinomas (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

Some colorectal adenocarcinomas co-express K7 in addition to K20, but as a general rule, the level of K20 immunostaining exceeds that of K7 (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

Much interest has evolved regarding the role of K5 in breast pathology in several aspects, including the identification of myoepithelial cells, the classification of proliferative lesions (Otterbach et al. 2000), and the recognition of a certain subtype of invasive ductal breast carcinoma (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

In ductal breast carcinomas, K17 is expressed in a minor subset of tumor cases (Malzahn et al. 1998), now recognized to correspond to the basal-like subtype as defined by global gene expression data (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

Regarding carcinoma subtyping, negative or weak/focal immunostaining for K8 and K18 may indicate squamous cell differentiation, although strong expression of these keratins can occur particularly in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (see below, chapter "Keratins as diagnostic markers in tumor pathology").

In the below example we split the main title putting chapter 1-18 on Disc1 and chapter 19-36 on Disc2.

The images below, from the chapter "Feeding Frenzy," chronicle the landscape alterations and industrial operations needed to feed billions of people and the animals they consume.

News & Media

Huffington Post
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Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Always prioritize standard English grammar by placing "below" after the noun it modifies. Use "the chapters below" instead of "the below chapters."

Common error

Avoid placing adjectives after articles when they should follow the noun. For instance, instead of saying "the below example", say "the example below" to ensure clarity and grammatical correctness.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

78%

Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "the below chapters" functions as a determiner phrase aiming to specify certain sections within a text. Ludwig AI suggests this is not a standard construction. Although it attempts to direct the reader to subsequent parts, its grammatical structure is considered incorrect.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

News & Media

38%

Science

33%

Wiki

29%

Less common in

Formal & Business

0%

Academia

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, while "the below chapters" aims to direct readers to subsequent sections, it's grammatically unconventional. As Ludwig AI explains, standard English prefers constructions like "the chapters below" or "the following chapters". This ensures clarity and adheres to established grammatical norms. Although seen in various online sources, particularly in News & Media, Science, and Wiki contexts, opting for grammatically correct alternatives enhances the professionalism and readability of your writing. Always prioritize standard word order to maintain clarity and credibility in your communication.

FAQs

What is the correct way to refer to chapters that appear later in a document?

Instead of using the grammatically questionable phrase "the below chapters", it's better to use phrases like "the chapters below", "the following chapters", or "the subsequent chapters".

Is "the below chapters" grammatically correct?

No, "the below chapters" is not considered grammatically correct in standard English. The adjective "below" should typically follow the noun it modifies. A correct alternative would be "the chapters below".

What can I say instead of "the below chapters" in a formal context?

In a formal context, you can replace "the below chapters" with phrases such as "the subsequent chapters" or "the ensuing chapters". These alternatives maintain formality while ensuring grammatical accuracy.

What's the difference between "the below chapters" and "the chapters below"?

"The below chapters" deviates from standard English word order, where adjectives usually follow articles and precede nouns. "The chapters below" follows conventional grammar rules, making it the preferred and more easily understood option.

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Source & Trust

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Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: