Sentence examples for the average divergence between from inspiring English sources
Briefly, the average divergence between the TE repeats and the consensus (milliDiv from RepeatMasker UCSC track) was calculated for each TE type, and the Jukes-Cantor method with a substitution rate of 4.5e-9 per base per year was applied.
The numbers of transversions on the human lineage, as well as those on the lineage from the Neandertal-human ancestor to the chimpanzee, were used to estimate the average divergence between DNA sequences in Neandertals and present-day humans, as a fraction of the lineage from the human reference genome to the common ancestor of Neandertals, humans, and chimpanzees.
When screening for species splits using a threshold of 1% (3 fold higher than the average intraspecific variability), nine species exhibited lineages falling out of the average divergence between conspecific individuals.
We computed the net nucleotide divergence d, which is the average divergence between B. azoricus and B. puteoserpentis minus the average sequence divergence within both species (πputeo+πazo)/2).
We found that 95% of LTRs had a divergence between their repeats that was lower than the average divergence between mouse and rat, which suggests that the vast majority of LTRs, which we scored as new insertions, have indeed inserted since mouse and rat diverged.
Over exon 2 of this gene, the average divergence between S. elmoi and the clade B Adh sequences is 20.0%.
The average divergences between apes and Old World monkeys, apes and New World monkeys, and Old World monkeys and New World monkeys are 6.92% ± 0.34%, 10.90% ± 0.39%, and 11.80% ± 0.47%, respectively.
Basing on the results of the relative-rate test, the divergence times among genera as well as the average divergence time between the close related inland genus Carallia and the coastal Rhizophoreae tribe were determined.
Our analyses indicate that calls of both species (highland and lowland taxa) are less different from each other than the average divergence found between both species.
In the largest barcoding study conducted so far on marine fishes to date [7], the average observed distance between conspecifics was 0.4% while the average divergence reached 9.9% between congeneric species.
Our taxon sampling scheme spanned divergences of at least 40 [ 27] or 63 [ 19] million years based on the estimated average divergence between members of the subgenus Sophophora and the subgenus Drosophila (genus Drosophila).
