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The frequency of mutations investigated in the present study is estimated to range from 0% to 8% in individuals with probable CAA in the general population, based on the ascertained sample size.
The proportion of the ascertained sample unable to be contacted was similar in the two studies but was more frequently due to death in CFAS II than that in CFAS I (see Supplementary data, Webtable S1, available in Age and Ageing online).
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Despite an excess of females to males of about 2 to 1 for unipolar depression, the heritability in a clinically ascertained sample was the same in men and women [ 1].
Since we use ZAPLO to estimate the haplotype probabilities from an ascertained sample, these probability estimates may not be unbiased estimates of the true probabilities.
The METSIM cohort is a randomly ascertained sample of 10,197 men aged 45 70 from Kuopio, Eastern Finland [ 20].
The use of a well characterized, epidemiologically ascertained sample with detailed demographic and psychosocial assessments allowed for well-matched samples in terms of age, gender, and handedness.
All neutrality tests were carried out using data obtained with an initially ascertained sample of 80 chromosomes, except in the Fay and Wu test, where an extended sample of 80 genotyped individuals was used.
Second, we used rejection sampling to simulate an ascertained sample in which at least one sibling was affected (D S is always affected).
Thus, there is a need for a gout GWAS in clinically ascertained sample sets in order to identify non-serum urate genetic risk factors for gout (for example, TLR4) which are likely to have weak effects (OR <1.4).
'ss', 'bs' and 'bb' refer to sister sister, brother sister and brother brother To illustrate that matching is indeed necessary, the boxplots in Fig. 1 show a substantial variation between the ORs from the 1,000 randomly ascertained samples.
The focus was thus on a less prevalent type of depression than that included in the PGC from Europe and the USA, which included population-ascertained as well as clinically ascertained samples.
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