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Then, given these changes in the amount of substrates, the pump returns to the initial configuration through the reverse reactions.
The amount of substrates and products in the inoculum was determined by HPLC and was subtracted from the final concentrations in the cultures to determine true yields.
Moreover, the trends for the forward rates r3, r4 and r5 can be positive or negative, depending on the changes in the amount of substrates during the pump evolution.
Due to the fact that there are backwards and forwards transitions for all reactions involved in the Na,K-pump mechanism, as is shown in Fig. 2, and that many of these transition rates depend on transmembrane substrates, the pump mechanism is automatically reversible, i.e the reactions can be run either forwards or in reverse direction, depending on changes in the amount of substrates.
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The sensitivity to the amount of substrate stretching was also investigated for model.
The amount of substrate loading is a key issue for biocatalytic application potential.
The ratio of amount of biomass produced to the amount of substrate utilized is sited at Table 1, Eqs.
It is concluded that rumen microorganisms reduced the amount of substrate fermented in correspondence with the increment in barley grain.
The product distribution (% Cmol) was calculated by dividing the amounts of products formed by the amount of substrate consumed after 72 h of cultivation.
However, a direct correlation between the amount of substrate plastic deformation and pileup height was not possible.
The constant q max determines the amount of substrate utilized per unit mass of active biomass per unit time, i.e., g COD removed g−1 VSS day−1.
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