Exact(9)
Their adaptations to the subterranean environment is in accordance with the adaptive shift hypothesis [ 19], that invokes multiple independent colonisations of the subterranean medium and continued survival of the epigean ancestors (see Introduction).
The hepatic IRE1α promotes the adaptive shift of fuel utilization during starvation by stimulating mitochondrial β-oxidation and ketogenesis through the XBP1 s-PPARα axis (Shao et al., 2014).
The adaptive shift in metabolism and neuroprotective mechanisms is crucial for satisfying the brains high energy demand during hypoxia [53].
For example, for a target, which is optically displaced to the right, the adaptive shift in pointing direction is to the left.
It is, however, in the same direction as the adaptive shift and can thus be conceived as a part of this shift, which persists even though it is no longer adaptive.
The occurrence of a true, cave-dwelling lineage (Zospeum) and sporadically-observed cave populations in Carychium only demonstrate ecological extremes for survival during the adaptive shift onto land.
Similar(51)
Regarding the adaptive shifts and aftereffects, the augmented information had primarily the effect of making the data appear noisier.
In contrast to the adaptive shifts observed after practice with the additional hand target, adaptive shifts on the second day were consistently larger for the young participants giving rise to a significant main effect of age, F 1,34) = 17.6, p<.01.
For the adaptive shifts the typical age difference was present, but not statistically significant as it had been on day 2 and in the previous study [16].
When these two groups were compared, the age effect on the adaptive shifts was only marginally significant, -41.8° vs. −22.5°, F 1,18) = 3.9, p<.1.
For the statistical analyses of the adaptive shifts, aftereffects, and explicit shifts, individual posttest-pretest differences of the terminal directions of hand movements were calculated and subjected to a series of ANOVAs.
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