the above refers

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "the above refers" is correct and can be used in written English.
It is typically used to refer to something previously mentioned in the same document or conversation. For example, "The study found that people who eat a balanced diet tend to be healthier. The above refers to the study conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

3 human-written examples

All of the above refers to the physical aspect of one's work-life not the emotional one and evidently, it is the latter that most contributes to employee satisfaction.

Forbes

The above refers to automatic budget cuts that would occur if the new Joint Committee on Deficit Reduction fails to come up with a deficit reduction plan that passes Congress by November.

Huffington Post

All of the above refers to a context of lower healthcare utilisation by the immigrant population than by the Spanish-born population.

BMC Health Services Research

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

57 human-written examples

A data reduction scheme based on the specimen compliance, the beam theory and on a crack equivalent concept was used to overcome the difficulties inherent to the above referred tests.

Construction and Building Materials

Thus, whether or not moss concentrations and bulk deposition are significantly correlated will depend on the combination of the above referred factors in a given area at a given time.

Environmental Pollution

Summarizing, all solutions p of the stationary problem (3.1), with the above referred regularity, are of the form given by the expression (3.2), where N is any positive solution of the implicit equation (3.3).

The Journal of Mathematical Neuroscience

Regardless of the above referred literatures, compared with the research works on watermark detection, watermark decoding is less studied, and a thorough analytical study of watermark decoding is still required.

EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing

Indeed, in the above referred case of T. teniotis most of the foraging areas were within 5 km from the roost [8].

Plosone

However, the above referred study that followed up patients diagnosed in the private sector showed that patients did not generally take all the medicines as prescribed by their doctors and that their treatment completion rates were very poor[11].

Plosone

The comparison of data obtained in this and the above referred studies are presented in Table 3.

BioMed Research International

Details of gene selection and analysis can be obtained in the Material and Methods section of the above referred paper.

BMC Genomics

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "the above refers", ensure the reference is clear and unambiguous to avoid reader confusion. Place it directly after the material being referenced for maximum clarity.

Common error

Avoid using "the above refers" when the referenced material is several paragraphs or pages away. Instead, restate the specific information or use a more direct reference.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "the above refers" functions as a linking phrase, connecting a current statement to a previously mentioned point. It provides context and avoids repetition by referencing prior information. As Ludwig AI states, it's a correct and usable phrase.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

News & Media

33%

Science

33%

Academia

33%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Formal & Business

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "the above refers" is a grammatically sound phrase used to connect a statement with previously mentioned information, as affirmed by Ludwig AI. Though relatively rare in occurrence, it is employed across diverse contexts including News & Media, Science, and Academia. To ensure clarity, it's best practice to position the phrase directly after the referenced material, avoiding ambiguity. Alternatives like "the aforementioned pertains to" or "the previous statement alludes to" can be used for variation, but clarity should always be prioritized.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

the aforementioned pertains to

Replaces 'above refers' with a more formal equivalent using 'aforementioned' and 'pertains to'.

the previous statement alludes to

Substitutes 'above refers' with 'previous statement alludes to', focusing on the earlier statement's implication.

the prior context indicates

Changes 'above refers' to 'prior context indicates', highlighting the role of the preceding text.

the foregoing is indicative of

Replaces 'above refers' with 'foregoing is indicative of', using a more formal and emphatic tone.

the earlier part is related to

Substitutes 'above refers' with 'earlier part is related to', offering a simpler and more direct connection.

this connects to what was mentioned earlier

Rephrases 'the above refers' to indicate a connection to something previously mentioned but in a more conversational style.

this is in reference to the earlier point

Replaces 'the above refers' with a similar phrase, but specifying it's a 'reference to the earlier point'.

this relates to the points above

Changes the structure to emphasize the relationship to multiple points made earlier.

what was previously discussed indicates

Shifts focus to 'what was previously discussed' as an indicator, instead of 'the above'.

the earlier material is in connection with

Replaces 'above refers' with a phrase that emphasizes the 'connection' between materials.

FAQs

How can I use "the above refers" in a sentence?

You can use "the above refers" to connect a statement to information previously mentioned. For instance, "The data shows a significant increase in sales. The above refers to the Q3 results."

What are some alternatives to "the above refers"?

Alternatives include phrases like "the aforementioned pertains to", "the previous statement alludes to", or "the prior context indicates".

Is it always clear what "the above refers" is referring to?

No, clarity depends on the context. Ensure that the reference is immediately clear to the reader to avoid ambiguity. If there is any chance of confusion, it's best to restate the information.

What is the difference between "the above refers" and "the following refers"?

"The above refers" points to something already stated, while "the following refers" indicates something that will be explained next. They have opposite directions in terms of reference.