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The amount of thaw settlement is positively correlated with the permafrost thawing rate.
The effect of thawing rate was studied to explain the variability in the data.
Finally, proper equipment design, control, and operation were recommended to achieve high thawing rate and efficient use of water.
With the increase in MAGT, the thawing rate firstly increases and then fluctuates as temperature rise rate increases and then decreases at MAGT of about − 0.5 °C.
The frozen soil contained more unfrozen water under a faster freezing rate and less unfrozen water under a faster thawing rate, resulting in a hysteresis-like behavior in the soil freezing and thawing curves.
"Slow" freezing method promoted greater VLPs preservation of 36 40% depending on the thawing rate.
Similar(51)
Specific protocols were designed to control semen freezing and thawing rates.
Our findings showed strong interactions among cryoprotectants, cooling, and thawing rates, but not pre-cooling rate, on post-thaw motility and forward progression.
Freeze-thaw experiments were performed at a freezing rate of 10°C/min and various thawing rates (0.5 3.3°C/min) using a temperature-step apparatus.
The benefits include faster, more uniform thawing rates that reduce devitrification and other detrimental effects on cryopreserved biospecimens, facilitating cryopreservation of larger systems and potentially allowing for use of lower molarity cryoprotectants.
Challenges include difficulty to achieve extreme cooling and thawing rates, toxicity of high cryoprotectant agent (CPA) concentrations needed to vitrify suspensions at a realizable temperature, devitrification upon rewarming, and inability to accommodate freezing of large volumes of blood using microliter cryo vials.
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