Overall, our data suggest that the evolution of HIV-1 envelope involved a complex, but nonetheless ordered and potentially restricted, developmental program that was recapitulated in different individuals.
Nonetheless, mice lacking CXCR7 die perinatally due to heart valve malformation, a phenotype that is recapitulated in mice conditionally deficient for CXCR7 in the endothelium [9].
Throughout treatment, sEnd levels significantly increased, an observation that was recapitulated in cultured endothelial cells.
Affected individuals also develop renal cysts, a phenotype that is recapitulated in FH1 (murine FH -deficient mice (Pollard et al., 2007).
Low amounts of active Akt correspond with reduced protein synthesis, an observation that was recapitulated in C2C12 myotubes treated with C26 CM.
Petrey et al. probe the molecular mechanisms underlying craniofacial defects that are recapitulated in a zebrafish model of MLII they developed previously.
Global DNA hypomethylation is a feature of early embryo cells that is recapitulated in ESC cultured in 2i in contrast to hypermethylation in EpiSCs (Ficz et al., 2013; Habibi et al., 2013; Leitch et al., 2013).
On the other hand, the upregulation of VEGF may also lead to chondrocyte hypertrophy, matrix degradation, and cell death - a series of critical events during endochondral ossification that is recapitulated during OA pathogenesis [ 53, 54].
Ndg is expressed at embryonic stage 11 in a group of FCs in the ventral mesoderm of each abdominal hemisegment (Estrada et al., 2006; Philippakis et al., 2006), a pattern that is recapitulated by the wild-type Ndg enhancer-reporter (Fig. 3A-A″′; supplementary material Fig. S3A-B″′, Fig. S4A-B″).
