If you accept that trade-offs can occur, you must decide how to systematically identify and assess them.
Including a payment vehicle ensures that trade-offs between attributes are more pronounced, and that money has to be put where the mouth is.
The model outcomes showed that trade-offs existed among various objectives, and at the same time identified a collection of alternative farm configurations that performed better for all four objectives when compared to the original farm.
A third possibility is that trade-offs and synergies might be intrinsic, meaning they are not caused by shared responses to environmental drivers or management but are unavoidable due to physiological or ecological reasons36.
Even using the most preferred Pareto-efficient configurations on a non-congested network, it is shown that frame rates will most certainly suffer and that trade-offs must be made.
Of particular relevance here is that trade-offs remain among the most plausible mechanisms for the observation of limited within-individual variation [18].
The data show that the holobiont fitness traits growth, survival and thermal tolerance are differentially affected by the source population of the coral host, symbiont type and environmental factors, and that trade-offs between these fitness traits vary with environmental conditions.
Another possibility is that trade-offs do exist, but between traits that we have not measured.
Consensus, if there is any, seems to be that trade-offs are frequently weak or absent (see Castellanos et al. 2004; Muchhala 2007), although there are probably too few studies for conclusions to be drawn.
Evolutionary theory suggests that sexual dimorphism arises after release from a co-sexual state as each sex adapts to a new fitness optimum following the removal of constraints previously imparted by the other sex – i.e. that trade-offs necessarily exist between the male and female functions in a monoecious state [ 4, 7, 8].
