Sentence examples for that lie upstream from inspiring English sources

Moreover, only Meg8 transcripts have the intron-encoded microRNAs miR-341, miR-1188, and miR-370 that lie upstream of Irm (see Figure 2 and Table 2).

The variable region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is assembled from V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments that lie upstream of several IgH constant (C) region exons in a process called V(D J recombination [1].

A large body of work demonstrates that the mitogen activated protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK1/2) are critical for angiogenesis: however, the data is largely based on cell culture studies using dominant negative genes, siRNA and small molecule inhibitors to antagonize the kinases that lie upstream of ERK in the signaling pathway [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22].

Phosphorylation of Chk1 normally requires the protein kinase Rad3 [15, [15] as well as several additional components of the checkpoint pathway that lie upstream of Chk1 and are required for both Chk1 phosphorylation and initiation of a mitotic delay [2], [6].

Further characterization of the DNA sequences that lie upstream of 2.2 kb are also likely to reveal additional regulatory regions, since the relative effect of the AICAR response with respect to promoter activation (3.5-fold) and mRNA expression (2.2-fold) in this study were not of equal magnitude.

However, the sensors and transcriptional regulators that lie upstream and downstream of these models are generally poorly conserved.

IL4 rs2243250 is a C-to-T mutation that lies upstream from the open reading frame of the gene.

Antibodies were therefore raised against a peptide sequence that lies upstream of the common decapeptide (EKA/B) that is present in EKA and EKB.

In poplar, unlike in other species, the only other gene that has been misregulated and resulted in such a severe reduction in lignin amount is 4CL [ 22], which is a key gene that lies upstream of C3H.

Such noncoding, interfering RNAs are known to regulate expression of the DHFR gene in humans, for example, although in this case the interfering RNA is transcribed from a promoter that lies upstream of the primary promoter [ 51, 52].

Antibodies were therefore raised to a peptide sequence that is present in endokinins A and B that lies upstream of the decapeptide that was used to stimulate platelet function and is therefore not shared with SP, and is unique to TAC4 gene products.