In this case the complex would contain a factor that directly recognizes and processes a target RNA, since neither RF2 nor RIF2 harbors a motif associated with RNA processing.
Therefore, analysis by EMSA and MS of the in vitro formation of DNA protein complexes revealed compositional complexity of proteins interacting with the DNA probes, but did not select trans-acting protein(s) that unambiguously directly recognize and bind the palindromic motif TCTCGCGAGA.
The first one is mediated by NIX/Bnip3L (Bcl-2/adenovirus E19-kDa-interactinging protein 3, long form), an atypical BH3 protein that is able to directly recognize the autophagosome-sited GABA receptor-associated protein (GABARAP), a functional homologue of LC3 and, in turn, allow mitochondria to be removed.
This can be based on the different ICERs found in analyses that included cognitive outcome measures, when compared to standard CEA methods that do not directly recognize the effect of behavioral change.
Moreover, as the study by Smith et al. showed, incorporating cognitive outcome measures in CEA may produce results deviating from standard CEA methods that do not directly recognize the effect of behavioral change.
Calpains are unique in that they directly recognize substrates, whereas proteasomes and autophagy rely on other systems ubiquitylation and autophagosome formation, respectively to tag their substrates.
Another advantage of anti-epitope antibodies is that antibodies directly recognizing receptor regions may trigger mechanisms, e.g. signal-transduction, internalization or redistribution that are normally activated by the natural ligand or other effector molecules.
One explanation for these results is that T54 in the DD is important for the phosphorylation of IRAK1 197, whereas T141 in the PST domain represents a phosphorylation site that is directly recognized by Pellino2.
Recently, Reinberg and co-workers have proposed that the H4K20 me1/2/3 is also crucial for the regulation and timing of replication origin firing and that ORCA and Orc1 directly recognize these chromatin sites (Beck et al., 2012).
In humans, co-culture with HCMV-infected fibroblasts led to a selective expansion of human CD94-NKG2C+ NK cells, and CD94-NKG2C expression correlated with positive serology for HCMV, suggesting that CD94-NKG2C may directly recognize HCMV-infected cells [48], [49], [50].
