In this system, precast concrete slabs that are associated with reduced CO2 emissions during their manufacture are attached compositely to a steel beam using a novel method of shear connection that takes advantage of post-installed friction-grip bolted shear connectors and the composite steel beams are connected to concrete-filled steel tubular columns using flush end plates with blind bolts.
For this system, precast concrete slabs having a reduced content of ordinary Portland cement are attached compositely to the steel beam using post-tensioned high-strength friction-grip bolts that are unbolted readily at the life-cycle end of the building.
The paper presents the initial evidence that hollowcore slabs with machine-cast surface can be considered to act compositely with the concrete topping.
For a thing to be ultimately real is for that thing to be "foundationally existent" (dravya-sat / rdzas yod)[3] in contrast with being "compositely existent" (avayavidravya / rdzas grub).
The new method, presented in this paper, has been extended to incorporate the membrane action of the slab and beam system acting compositely, whereas the previous design method only considered the membrane action of the composite slab.
The glass and PVB layers were assumed to act fully compositely during the pre-crack phase of the deformation.
Where steel beams support concrete floor slabs poured onto a metal deck, they can be made to act compositely with the concrete, resulting in considerable economies in the beam sizes.
According to current North American design standards, the topping should not be considered to act compositely with the slabs except if their surface satisfies a strict roughness requirement.
The main features of Catrus are its continuous chord members, simple jointing system and ability to work compositely with concrete slabs and timber boards.
The deck is cast compositely on the girders using a novel configuration of FRP SIP forms, except for a control portion constructed using traditional steel reinforcement.
However, when used "compositely" with concrete or cementitious materials in a hybrid form they have the potential to be much more widely used.
