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Note that in this toy model no other activating mutation (except RAS activation) would result in resistance to RTK inhibitors because the outcome node TF requires both AKT and MAPK activity for its activation.
We used a pharmacological tools to evaluate (i) whether a T. brucei PTK (TbPTK) affects Tf endocytosis, and (ii) whether PMA-activated endocytosis of Tf requires TbPTK activity.
The binding of one molecule of Tf requires the association of both ESAG6 and ESAG7.
The binding of Tf requires the association of both ESAG proteins [ 42, 43].
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Lim3 is located in cytological region 37B13-37C1 of the second chromosome, and is a homeobox gene that encodes an RNA polymerase II transcription factor (TF) required for development and function of neurons.
TBR1 encodes for a T-box TF required for normal brain development expressed in post-mitotic cells [ 129].
RUNX1 (a TF required for differentiation of blood cells) is another example of a lineage-specific TF that is preferentially mutated in AML (~9% of cases) compared with other cancer types (mutated in less than 4% of cases for other cancer types) [ 122].
NSP1/NSP2 forms an heterodimer and activates the ERN1 (ethylene response factor) TF required for nodulation by binding to the AT rich region of the promoter, which in turn stimulates the expression of the ENOD11 gene expressed during the pre-infection process [ 17].
In view of our results, it remained unclear whether cell type-specific binding is largely mediated through tethering of shared factors to regulatory elements through protein-protein interaction with cell type-specific factors, or whether cell type-specific binding of shared TFs requires direct binding to DNA and, therefore, represents classical TF functionality.
The ChIP methods can account for biological context of TF binding because many TFs require co-factors for sequence-specific binding to DNA, which are not present in in vitro assays.
It has been proposed that cell cycle TFs regulate one another in a serial manner by forming a circular regulatory chain: a TF function in one phase will regulate TFs required for next phase [ 10].
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