Some scholars are arguing for a pre-Confucius date for Laozi on various textual grounds (especially poetic structure).
Patricia Kitcher (2011: 115 18) argues against the single premise about self-consciousness interpretation on historical and textual grounds.
It is not clear, however, that there are adequate textual grounds for saying where Nietzsche stands on this question.
As to textual grounds, Wang and Dai argued that Zhu was so enamored of his metaphysics of pattern and qi that he constantly read them into the classical texts.
To begin, given the extensive ambiguities of the language of the chapter, neither approach can be ruled out on narrowly textual grounds.
Spade [1980] likewise argued in greater detail, on both theoretical and textual grounds, that there is no synonymy or equivocation in mental language.
More recently, Panaccio [1990, 2004], Tweedale [1992] (both on largely textual grounds), and Chalmers [1999] (on mainly theoretical grounds) have argued for a different interpretation, which now tends to be more widely accepted.
Because she lacks such a corpus, however, and because questions about what she might have written that was philosophically significant or how much influence she might have had on Mill's intellectual career are so difficult to answer on purely textual grounds, the estimates of her intellectual powers formed by people who knew her must be taken into account.
The italicised words have no textual basis.
He put the textual background in the foreground.
