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In doing so, we evaluated the likelihood for a given similar text pair to have at least one shared author, using a ratio calculated as the number of SA pairs over the number of DA pairs.
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One feature set abstracts the generic statistics between the text pairs, while the other set directly models lexical features based on the traditional bag-of-words model.
If the short snippets of text paired with close-up scenes feel musical in nature, that's not a coincidence.
We measured the frequency of similar text pairs and compared it among different datasets.
The same cut-off value was applied when identifying duplicate text pairs from PMC.
Physicians responded significantly more rapidly with VCM than with text (paired t-test, p < 0.001).
(D – F ) The same groups of cells are shown on correlation plots for meaningful (both biologically and statistically; see text) pairs of cell properties: threshold potentials for voltage-gated sodium and stable potassium currents (D ), membrane resistance and capacitance (E ), and ionic currents amplitudes (F ).
It is based on unicity distance, a concept pioneered by Shannon [43] in 1949, which states that the amount of uncertainty in an encryption key reduces with each observed clear-text and cipher-text pair.
Sophie Calle's "Exquisite Pain" (2000), a series of embroidered texts paired with photographs, also feels overexposed.
Unlike run-of-the mill text messaging, Pair allows a given boyfriend and girlfriend or whatever to trade photos via the app, in addition to simultaneously draw, share photos and simultaneously Thumbkiss — A unique Pair feature which leverages the iPhone's touch screen and vibrates every time a given couple's thumbs kiss.
The likelihood of a similar text citation pair to share at least one author (odds = 458/276 = 1.66) is significantly greater than that of a random pair.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com