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For this reason, measures of exploration are often interpreted as providing information about fearfulness, and are the basis of some of the standard tests of fear (e.g.,[23]).
Behaviour in tests of fear was compared with two social tests in a subset of 58 pigs.
At 24 weeks of age, animals were subjected to three tests of fear in the home pen: the human approach test (HAT), novel object test (NOT) and open door test (ODT).
The fear-potentiated startle (FPS) and the light-enhanced startle (LES) paradigms are rodent tests of fear and anxiety, which combine face validity with predictive validity for clinically effective anxiolytic drugs.
Proper tests of fear appeal theory yielded the theoretically hypothesised interaction effect.
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They saw no difference between Met carriers and others on this standard test of fear learning: All mice froze up in fearful anticipation when they heard the tone, and all people responded to the colored square with increased skin conductance, a commonly used measure of intense emotion.
The elevated plus maze has also been widely used in rodents as a test of fear, anxiety [ 7], and more recently, risk assessment in mice [ 8, 9] and rats [ 10, 11].
As with studies amongst TB populations elsewhere [ 13- 15], some patients in our sample had not undergone HIV testing because of fear of HIV testing as such or because of the anticipated consequences of testing HIV-positive, such as being stigmatised.
Because the men were in Canada on work visas, advocates say they were essentially scared into doing the DNA tests out of fear that they could be deported.
Further, physicians may talk about PSA tests out of fear of malpractice suits [ 29].
In contrast, her husband, Donald Berry, who heads the biostatistics department at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, is among the distinct minority of people who deliberately refuse screening tests for fear of the harm of overdiagnosis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com