Sentence examples for testing of tb from inspiring English sources
First, in 2006 CENAT and NCHADS signed a standard operating procedure (SOP) for HIV testing of TB patients and TB screening of PLHIV [ 15].
HIV testing of TB patients may also confer further benefits in India through its impact on HIV prevention.
Provided-initiated voluntary HIV testing of TB patients is acceptable, feasible and can be effectively implemented under routine programmatic conditions.
This evaluation assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of the implementation of new policies and procedures for referral and HIV testing of TB patients in the national programmes.
While effective implementation of this strategy would require investment, routine, voluntary HIV testing of TB patients in India should be recommended.
This study provides the first patient-level evidence from India that routine, provider-initiated voluntary HIV testing of TB patients can be achieved with very high efficiency under programmatic conditions.
Still, further studies are needed to determine optimal culture conditions and appropriate cutoff values as well as the usefulness and cost benefit of the QFT-TB test before it could be recommended for use as a diagnostic test of TB pleuritis in a TB/HIV endemic resource-limited setting.
After 80 days of admission, drug susceptibility testing of sputum TB indicated MDR-TB that showed resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin and quinolone and sensitivity to rifabutin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, amikacin, cycloserin, prothionamide and kanamycin.
Since HIV is common in patients with TB, routine referral for voluntary HIV testing of all TB patients will lead to substantial survival benefits, since effective HIV treatment is now widely available in India [24].
Figure 1 shows nomographic depiction to estimate post-test probability of TB infection from pre-test probability and likelihood ratio.
Finally, we determined the post-test probability of TB by converting the pre-test probability of TB to odds, multiplying by the likelihood ratio, and converting the resulting post-test odds back to probability.
