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Likewise, testing for familiarity was inspired by the observation that local nonbreeders tend to call more often than vagrant birds that only infrequently visit the study site (Szipl & Bugnyar, 2014).
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In order to test for a familiarity-to-sender effect, we compared the responses of the subjects to calls of familiar, same sex, conspecifics (FS) with the response to calls of unfamiliar, same sex conspecifics (US; Figure 1).
Nevertheless, as a test for familiarity, we repeated the pay-for-listen task using familiar auditory stimuli.
Test images were blurred, grayscale images and also matched at test for familiarity as described above.
The data of the subjects' ratings and the detection rate of melody variations in the performance test for familiarity were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 by calculating non-parametric tests (sign test).
The stimuli of the performance test for familiarity were presented to the subjects using in-house developed software and the sound module of the Yamaha Disklavier with headphones (Hanumpa, Digital Pro-H700, Tempest).
To ensure that actively and passively learned melodies had the same degree of familiarity, we conducted a performance test for familiarity: the four melodies were presented in random order and slight variations were built into 7 of the 15 repetitions of each melody.
However, they were less familiar with albuminuria abnormalities and endorsed several barriers to testing for albuminuria in non-diabetics including lack of outcome expectancy, lack of guideline familiarity, and lack of time.
In assessments, US students are tested for their general familiarity with relatively small samples of material, often through multiple-choice and short-answer formats.
Logistic regression was performed to test for associations between HIV familiarity and knowledge and time outside the country.
Comparison of pouncing on PN32 (familiar partner) and PN33 (novel partner) to test for the effect of partner familiarity did not reveal a significant interaction between pair type and partner familiarity (F 3,20) = 2.157, p = 0.1250) (Fig. 2c).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com