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Histopathological studies of the intoxicated rat testes revealed variable degrees of degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules up to total cellular destruction.
The detailed histological examination of P21, P44 and P111 hsp90αgt/gt mutant testes revealed that meiosis is impaired.
Detailed histological analysis of DAZL-deficient rat testes revealed an apparently intact spermatogonial stem cell compartment, but clear failure to produce mature haploid gametes resulting in infertility.
Examination of 6 week-old Inha−/− and Rb cKO testes revealed multiple tubules with full complements of germ cells, including elongating spermatids, and intact tubular widths and lumens (Figure 4, bottom row).
Microarray analyses of the global testicular transcriptome and quantitative RT-PCR of VRK1-deficient testes revealed significantly reduced expression levels of undifferentiated spermatogonial marker genes in early postnatal mice.
In confirmation of the findings described above, examination of the permeation of lanthanum in 10-day-old control (Figure 2A) and SCARKO (Figure 2B) testes revealed free permeation of the spaces between SC and between SC and GC, indicating absence of barrier formation.
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Post-hoc Tukey HSD tests revealed that males allowed to recover for 48 hours exhibited shorter testes than males allowed to recover for 2 or 24 hours.
Stereological analysis of the testes also revealed a significantly lower diameter and proportion of seminiferous tubule lumen in the LHR−/− mouse testes.
Histological examination of mutant testes unexpectedly revealed the presence of seminiferous tubules devoid of germ cells beyond the spermatocyte stage, co-existing with tubules displaying all stages of spermatogenesis.
The males were killed and the testes removed, which revealed severe hypogonadism compared with wild-type males (Additional file 4, Figure s4).
To further characterize the abnormal spermatogenesis in the RHAUfl/fl:Vasa-Cre mice, we measured testes weight during the postnatal development and revealed that the testes significantly lost weight from P14 to P35, indicating the spermatogenesis process might be disrupted as early as meiosis I stage.
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